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Wanitchaya Kittikraisak Podjanee Phadungkiatwatana Darunee Ditsungnoen Surasak Kaoiean Louis Macareo Kamonthip Rungrojcharoenkit Nattinee Srisantiroj Tawee Chotpitayasunondh Fatimah S. Dawood Joshua A. Mott Kim A. Lindblade 《Vaccine》2021,39(1):18-25
BackgroundWe compared cord blood antibody titers in unvaccinated pregnant women to those vaccinated with seasonal influenza vaccine during the 2nd and the 3rd trimesters.MethodsPregnant women had cord blood collected at delivery for hemagglutination inhibition assay against vaccine reference viruses: A/California/07/2009 (H1N1)pdm09, A/Switzerland/9715293/2013 (H3N2), and B/Phuket/3073/2013 (Yamagata lineage). Geometric mean titer (GMT) ratios were calculated comparing vaccinated versus unvaccinated pregnant women, and women vaccinated in the 2nd and the 3rd trimesters. Proportions of women achieving defined titers were compared using the χ2 test.ResultsOf 307 women, 190 (62%) were unvaccinated. Fifty and 67 were vaccinated during the 2nd and the 3rd trimesters, respectively. Median enrollment age was 29 years (interquartile range 24–34). Sixteen (5%) women had pre-existing conditions, but none were immunocompromised. GMT ratios comparing vaccinated and unvaccinated women were 5.90 (95% confidence interval [CI] 5.06–6.96) for influenza A/California, 5.39 (95% CI 4.18–6.08) for influenza A/Switzerland, and 5.05 (95% CI 4.43–5.85) for influenza B/Phuket. Similarly, the GMT ratios comparing the 3rd and the 2nd trimester vaccinated women were 2.90 (95% CI 2.54–3.39), 2.82 (95% CI 2.56–3.13), and 2.83 (95% CI 2.56–3.14), respectively. The proportions of women with defined titers for the three vaccine reference viruses did not differ between 2nd and 3rd trimester vaccinated women (titers ≥40: 68–92% versus 70–93%; ≥110: 32% versus 33–63%; and ≥330: 4–10% versus 3–21%).ConclusionsPregnant women vaccinated against influenza had more placental transfer of influenza antibodies to their infants than unvaccinated women. Placental transfer of antibodies was higher among those vaccinated in the 3rd trimester than in the 2nd trimester. There was no difference in the proportions of women achieving antibody titers corresponding to protection against influenza in children. Findings support the current World Health Organization’s recommendation that pregnant women may be vaccinated in either 2nd or 3rd trimester of pregnancy. 相似文献
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目的 旨在翻译、修订孕妇社会资本评估量表(Social Capital Assessment Tool for in Pregnancy for Maternal Health, SCAT-MH),并检验其信效度。方法 采用两阶段便利抽样的方法,样本1(n=253)主要用于修订中文版SCAT-MH量表;样本2(n=335)主要验证该量表的信效度。结果 中文版SCAT-MH主要包含4个维度16个条目,量表总的Cronbach ɑ为0.862,各个维度的信度系数在0.701~0.901之间,分半信度系数为0.819、0.760,重测信度系数为0.854;量表各个条目与总分(r=0.484~0.776,PSymbol|@@0.01)、维度与总分均呈中高度相关(r=0.575~0.807,PSymbol|@@0.01),具有较好的内容效度;总量表及4个维度得分与效标工具均有相关性;验证性因子结果显示模型拟合度较好。结论 修订、汉化后的中文版SCAT-MH量表具有较好的信度、效度及区分度,适用于我国孕妇社会资本的评估。 相似文献
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Increased arousal levels in pregnant rats were produced via electrical stimulation of the reticular formation (RF) on Days 6–16 of gestation. Current levels between 0.02 and 0.06 mA were selected depending on the threshold for overt motor response to stimulation in the individual animal. Offspring were tested at 30 days of age for threshold of flurothyl-induced convulsion, and at 90 days of age for percent avoidance in a shock avoidance task. In comparison to offspring of implanted controls, RF-stimulated offspring had elevated seizure thresholds (males and females) and enhanced avoidance performance (females only). Further studies using fostering showed that the effect on avoidance performance was mediated both prenatally and postnatally. The relative importance of prenatal and postnatal influences on seizure threshold could not be determined. These results are compared to previous studies of the behavioral effects of prenatal chlorpromazine threatment. 相似文献
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孕妇风疹病毒IgG、IgM检测及意义 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
目的:了解温州地区孕妇对风疹的免疫状态,探讨风疹病毒IgG、IgM检测对评估孕妇免疫状态及判断风疹宫内感染的作用。方法:用ELISA法对1471名产前检查孕妇检测风疹病毒特异性抗体IgG、IgM,电镜检查和分子生物学法检查组织中病毒颗粒和病毒核酸。结果:76.07%(1119/1471)的孕妇具有免疫力,7.41%(109/1471)有孕妇为原发感染,14.14%的孕妇为易感,2.38%(35/1471)的孕妇IgG、IgM均呈阳性,其中1例引产胎儿心肌细胞和1例死胎的心肌、肝及脑细胞中均发现病毒颗粒。结论:同时检测孕妇风疹IgG和IgM可以正确判断孕妇的免疫状态,对IgM阳性孕妇应进行连续多次检测,IgM持续呈阳性三个月以上的孕妇可大致确定为宫内感染。 相似文献
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Objective To investigate how well the married reproductive women in China have the contraceptive knowledge and its influencing factors Data & Methods The data derived from "The national survey on population and re productive health in 1997" executed by State Family Planning Commission (SFPC) were analyzed. Results It showed that the contraceptive knowledge of married reproductive women was poor in China. Only 5. 9% of women got full mark (4 points) in the survey and 42. 5% of them got zero. In this survey, married reproductive women got lower marks were those who were older, in rural area, with low education levels themselves and their husbands; with a non-Hah husband, later menarche onset and earlier marriage; who had never received gynecological examination, or courses for newly married. Conclusion Spreading contraceptive knowledge among married reproductive women should be one of the central missions of family planning services in future. The focus should be put on those women we mentioned above. Regular gynecological examinations should be carried out and the education for newly married people should be more effi cient. When the courses of contraceptive knowledge are provided, both husband and wife should attend. 相似文献
69.
Handler A Rosenberg D Johnson T Raube K Kelley MA 《Maternal and child health journal》1997,1(3):173-177
Objectives: This study describes the use of a Medicaid managed care list to prospectively recruit into a research project pregnant women receiving care from a variety of providers. Method: A list of women enrolled in Medicaid managed care was used to recruit pregnant African-American and Latina women into a study of prenatal care satisfaction. Due to privacy concerns, the researchers were not able to directly access names from the list. Instead, a managed care contract agency sent recruitment letters to 1009 pregnant African-American and Latina Medicaid recipients. Response rates by ethnicity and several other key variables are calculated. The biases associated with this method of recruiting pregnant women from a variety of providers are discussed. Results: Thirty-five percent of the women contacted returned consent forms and agreed to have researchers approach them; the response rate for African-American women was 43% and for Latinas was 29% (p < 0.0001). Respondents were younger and later in their pregnancies than nonrespondents, but did not differ from them by zip code of residence. The women recruited into the study obtained prenatal care from a diverse group of providers. Conclusions: While the use of a prospectively generated list of pregnant Medicaid recipients to recruit low-income pregnant women into a research study may be associated with some selection bias, the potential cost savings, decreased effort, and diminished recall bias may make their use a feasible sampling alternative, particularly when the researcher desires to recruit women seeking care from a variety of provider arrangements. 相似文献
70.
Objectives: While the importance of exploring and better measuring elements of prenatal care have been noted in the public health literature, the components and timing of such services have been poorly examined for the overall pregnant population and specifically for African-Americans, who traditionally have had higher rates of low birth weight and premature delivery. This study explores the association between patient receipt of selected recommended prenatal care interventions and infant birth weight in a nationally representative sample of African-American women, while controlling for the influence of low birth weight risk indicators. Method: This is a retrospective case-control analysis using survey data of women who delivered normal birth weight, moderate low birth weight, and very low birth weight newborns in 1988. A sample of 3905 African-American women who responded to the 1988 National Maternal and Infant Health Survey is examined based on maternal recall of receipt of six clinical screening procedures and seven health-promotion recommendations. Birth weight measures were obtained from linked 1988 birth certificate data. Results: The initial results indicated that women who do not receive all of the recommended health-promotion advice are more likely to deliver very low birth weight infants than women who receive all of the advice in the content of their prenatal care, after controlling for low birth weight risks (OR = 1.28; 95% CI = 1.01, 1.7). However, when breast-feeding advice is removed from the aggregation of health-promotion advice, the significant effect of advice on very low birth weight is negated. No other significant group variations in the receipt of clinical screening procedures or health-promotion advice for women who gave birth in the remaining birth weight categories are observed. Conclusions: Nationally recommended initial clinical screening procedures and health-promotion advice in prenatal care content do not appear to be associated with a reduction in low birth weight for African-American women. More research is needed to better assess the impact of other antenatal interventions, particularly those given to women with a higher prevalence of poor birth outcomes. 相似文献